كيفية اجراء فحص نوع الدم

Blood grouping

Principle

ABO system is the only system in which there is a reciprocal relationship between the
antigen on the red cells and the naturally occurring antibodies in the serum.

Routine grouping of donors and patients must therefore include both RBC and serum tests, each serving as check on the other.

The procedure is based on the principle of agglutination of antigen positive red cells in the
presence of antibody directed towards the antigen.

Blood grouping is done by 2 methods
Forward grouping
Reverse grouping

Forward grouping

patient's
blood is mixed with serum that contains antibodies against type A blood
(anti A), then with serum that contains antibodies against type B
blood(Anti B) . A determination of the blood type is based on whether
or not the blood clots in the presence of these sera.

specemin
anticoagulated blood samples

reagents

( anti A , anti B, (and anti D for determination of RH antigen

كيفية اجراء فحص نوع الدم 482329918

The first :Rapid Slide Agglutination

Label three slides A, B and D.

On each slide but 50 ul of blood .

On the A slide, place a 50ul of anti-A , anti A , anti B, and anti D beside each blood drop.

كيفية اجراء فحص نوع الدم 663723591

Mix the anti sera in with the blood using a separate toothpick for each slide. Place toothpicks in the biohazard
waste.

After several minutes, observe agglutination and determine the blood typing

Depending on presence (+) or absence (-) of agglutination the blood groupe are determined as seen in the following pictures:

A positive
كيفية اجراء فحص نوع الدم 430223625

B positive
كيفية اجراء فحص نوع الدم 126449836

AB positive

كيفية اجراء فحص نوع الدم 455121649

O positive
كيفية اجراء فحص نوع الدم 376968690

A negative
كيفية اجراء فحص نوع الدم 183343000

B negative
كيفية اجراء فحص نوع الدم 298875447

AB negative
كيفية اجراء فحص نوع الدم 174261938

O negative
كيفية اجراء فحص نوع الدم 792898555

Tube method

Label tubes with donor/patient and test identification.
كيفية اجراء فحص نوع الدم 415275369

Prepare cell suspension for cells being tested (5% RBCs with normal saline)

كيفية اجراء فحص نوع الدم 365692570

Place two drops of a 2 - 5% cell suspension in the appropriately labelled
tubes.

Add to each tube one or 2 drops of anti-A, anti-B and anti-AB reagent
to be tested.

كيفية اجراء فحص نوع الدم 972749708

Mix the contents of the tubes gently and incubate at room temperature for 15 minutes.
. Centrifuge at 1000 rpm for 1 minute.

(Note: Always follow manufacturer's instructions from package insert)

Depending on presence (+) or absence (-) of agglutination the blood groupe are determined

Positive agglutination is determined as in this picture
كيفية اجراء فحص نوع الدم 262444935

[center][color=blue]Negative agglutination is determined as in this picture

كيفية اجراء فحص نوع الدم 564884828

And results are determined as in previous test shown

Reverse grouping

In
reverse typing, the patient's blood serum is mixed with blood that is
known to be type A and type B. Again, the presence of clotting is used
to determine the type.

It is also done by 2 methods slide and tube method

here we will describe the the slide method

Label the slide of donor-patient and test identification.

Add 2 drops of test serum on the slide in the corresponding places

Prepare cells for testing of A, B and O (control) groups by pooling 3 samples of each group.

Add 1 drop of 2% pooled A red cell suspension in the place labelled A1.

Add 1 drop of 2% pooled B red cell suspension the place labelled B .

Add 1 drop of 2% pooled O red cell suspension in place labelled O

Mix the serum and cells gently and incubate the test for minimum 15 minutes at room temperature.

And see for agglutination

A group

B group

O group

[

You should do forward and reverse grouping and resolve any discrepancies between cell and serum typing tests before the
patient's or donor's ABO group is interpreted.

Any missing thing or questions]

اجمل ما في الموضوع الشرح المدعم بالصور

شكرا لكي يا مبدعة

كيفية اجراء فحص نوع الدم 285400